Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali ze-Polyethylene Resin
Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali ze-Polyethylene Resin
Impahla yezolimo
I-Polyethylene inokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali futhi imelana nokuhlanjululwa kwe-nitric acid, i-sulfuric acid ehlanjululwe kanye nanoma yikuphi ukugcwala kwe-hydrochloric acid, i-hydrofluoric acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-formic acid, i-acetic acid, amanzi ammonia, ama-amines, i-hydrogen peroxide, i-sodium hydroxide, i-potassium hydroxide, njll. Isixazululo. Kodwa ayimelani nokugqwala okuqinile kwe-oxidative, njenge-fuming sulfuric acid, i-nitric acid egxilile, i-chromic acid nengxube ye-sulfuric acid. Emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, izinyibilikisi ezibalulwe ngenhla zizomomotheka kancane kancane i-polyethylene, kuyilapho ku-90-100 ° C, i-sulfuric acid egxilile kanye ne-nitric acid egxilile izoyiqeda ngokushesha i-polyethylene, ibangele ukuthi ichithwe noma ibole. I-Polyethylene kulula uku-photo-oxidized, i-oxidized thermally, iboliswe yi-ozone, futhi yonakaliswe kalula ngaphansi kwesenzo semisebe ye-ultraviolet. Ikhabhoni emnyama inomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuvikela ukukhanya ku-polyethylene. Ukusabela okufana nokuxhumanisa, i-chain scission, nokwakheka kwamaqembu angagcwele amanzi kungenzeka ngemva kokushiswa kwemisebe.
Izakhiwo zemizi
Izakhiwo zemishini ye-polyethylene ziyi-general, amandla okuqina aphansi, ukumelana ne-creep akulungile, futhi ukumelana nomthelela kuhle. Amandla omthelela i-LDPE>LLDPE>HDPE, ezinye izakhiwo zemishini I-LDPE crystallinity kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana esihlobene, ngokuthuthukiswa kwalezi zinkomba, izakhiwo zayo zemishini ziyanda. Ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwemvelo akukuhle, kepha lapho isisindo samangqamuzana sikhuphuka, siyathuthuka. Ukumelana nokubhoboza okuhle, phakathi kwayo i-LLDPE ehamba phambili.
Izici zemvelo
I-Polyethylene i-alkane inert polymer enokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala nge-asidi, i-alkali kanye nezisombululo ezinamanzi kasawoti ekamelweni lokushisa, kodwa ayimelani nezixube eziqinile njenge-oleum, i-nitric acid egxilile ne-chromic acid. I-polyethylene ayincibiliki ezincibilikisini ezivamile ezingaphansi kuka-60°C, kodwa izokhukhumala noma iqhekeke lapho ithintana isikhathi eside nama-aliphatic hydrocarbon, ama-hydrocarbon anephunga elimnandi, ama-halogenated hydrocarbons, njll. Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-60℃, lingancibilika ngenani elincane ku-toluene. , i-amyl acetate, i-trichlorethylene, i-turpentine, imayiniral amafutha kanye nopharafini; lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-100 ℃, lingancibilika ku-tetrale.
Njengoba ama-molecule e-polyethylene aqukethe inani elincane lezibopho eziphindwe kabili kanye nezibopho ze-ether, ukukhanya kwelanga nemvula kuzodala ukuguga, okudingeka kuthuthukiswe ngokungeza ama-antioxidants kanye nokuqiniswa kokukhanya.
Icubungula izici
Ngenxa yokuthi i-LDPE ne-HDPE inoketshezi oluhle, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokucubungula, i-viscosity emaphakathi, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokubola, futhi ayiboli ekushiseni okuphezulu okungu-300 ℃ kugesi engasebenzi, angamapulasitiki anokucubungula ukusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, i-viscosity ye-LLDPE iphakeme kancane, futhi amandla emoto adinga ukunyuswa ngo-20% kuya ku-30%; ijwayele ukuncibilika ukuphuka, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwandisa igebe lokufa futhi wengeze izinsiza zokucubungula; izinga lokushisa lokucubungula liphakeme kancane, lifinyelela ku-200 kuya ku-215 °C. I-polyethylene inokumunca amanzi aphansi futhi ayidingi ukomiswa ngaphambi kokucubungula.
I-Polyethylene incibilika uketshezi olungeyona i-Newtonian, futhi i-viscosity yayo ishintshashintsha kancane ngokushisa, kodwa yehla ngokushesha ngokunyuka kwezinga lokugunda futhi inobudlelwane obuqondile, phakathi kwayo i-LLDPE enokuncipha kancane kakhulu.
Imikhiqizo ye-polyethylene kulula ukuyicwebezela ngesikhathi sokupholisa, ngakho-ke, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekushiseni kwesikhunta ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Ukuze ulawule i-crystallinity yomkhiqizo, ukuze ube nezakhiwo ezahlukene. I-polyethylene ine-shrinkage enkulu yokubumba, okufanele icatshangelwe lapho uklama isikhunta.
Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali ze-Polyethylene Resin