Ụfọdụ ihe dị mkpa maka mmebi mkpuchi polyester

A na-emetụta mmebi nke polyester site na ụzarị anyanwụ, fotocatalytic admixtures, mmiri na mmiri, kemịkalụ, oxygen, ozone, okpomọkụ, abrasion, n'ime ime na mpụga, na pigmenti na-ada ada. ihe kacha mkpa maka mkpuchi mmebi:

mmiri, okpomọkụ, oxidation, UV radieshon.

mmiri

Hydrolysis na-eme mgbe a na-ekpuchi plastik na mmiri ma ọ bụ iru mmiri. Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ a nwere ike ịbụ isi ihe na-akpata mmebi nke polymer condensation dị ka polyesters, ebe ester otu na-eme ka hydrolyzed.

okpomọkụ

Mgbe a na-edobere polymer n'ime ike ọkụ dị ukwuu karịa ike njikọ nke jikọtara atọm ọnụ, a na-agbaji ya ngwa ngwa. N'ihi ya, a na-emepụta macroradicals abụọ, ma ọ bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị na-adịghị eletrọn.
Ọtụtụ plastik bụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketaralA na-enyocha ya na ọnọdụ atọ nke ikpo ọkụ dị elu: okpomọkụ dị elu n'ime ogologo oge, okpomọkụ dị elu n'ime obere oge, ma ọ bụ ikpughe cyclic na okpomọkụ dị elu na nke dị ala, dịka nwere ike ime n'oge mgbanwe ehihie na abalị. okpomọkụ na-abawanye, mmetụta ndị na-emebi emebi na-emewanyewanye site na mkpughe UV ọzọ.

ọxịdashọn

N'ihi ọnụnọ nke ikuku oxygen na ikuku, ụdị mmebi nke radieshon kachasị, photooxidation, na-eme na polymer organic niile. Ọzọ, usoro a ga-eme ngwa ngwa site na radieshon UV na okpomọkụ dị elu. Enwere ike ịkọwa mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ site na mbuso agha oxygen na njikọ dị na ụdọ polymer, nke nwere ike ịmepụta otu carbonyl ma ọ bụ crosslink. Enwere ike iji stabilizers dị iche iche belata mmebi polymer: antioxidants, thermostabilizers, photostabilizers, wdg.

UV radieshon

Mgbe a bịara na ngwa n'èzí, isi ihe na-echegbu onwe ya na nyocha ihe onwunwe bụ mmebi nke ìhè anyanwụ nwere ike ime mgbe a na-eji plastik mee ihe n'èzí. N'ime mkpokọta radieshon na-erute elu ụwa, ihe dịka 5-6% nke ìhè dị na mpaghara UV. nke ụdịdị dị iche iche na-emekarị ga-adịgasị iche na ọnọdụ ihu igwe gburugburu kwa ụbọchị.
Mmetụta fotochemical nke ìhè anyanwụ na ihe plastik na-adabere na ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị elu na ike njikọ kemịkal nke ihe ahụ. Ogologo ogologo ọkụ nke nwere mmetụta kachasị na plastik sitere na 290 ruo 400 nm. The wavelength nke UV radieshon nke photon ike kwekọrọ na a akpan akpan njikọ ike na polymer yinye nwere ike imebi kemịkalụ agbụ (site a yinye scission), na-agbanwe ihe onwunwe, ya mere arụmọrụ nke polymer.6 Kacha emebi wavelength maka polyesters bụ. ekwenyere na ọ bụ 325 nm