Kanfigareshan Kayan Aikin Rufin Foda

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don nema foda kayan; kuma akwai guda bakwairal foda shafi kayan aikin aikace-aikace don zaɓi. Koyaya, kayan da za a yi amfani da su dole ne su kasance na nau'in da ya dace. Misali, idan hanyar aikace-aikacen shine gado mai ruwa. to, foda shafi abu dole ne a fluidized gado sa, Conversely, idan Hanyar aikace-aikace ne electrostatic SPRAY, sa'an nan foda abu dole ne ya zama electrostatic fesa sa.

Da zarar an zaɓi kayan daidai, to ana zaɓar hanyar aikace-aikacen ta hanyar ƙira da maƙasudin samarwa. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na aikace-aikace. Waɗannan sun bambanta sosai kamar yadda aikace-aikacen da suka dace.

Waɗannan siffofin su ne:

1. Aikace-aikacen gado mai ruwa
2. Fesa aikace-aikacen.

GASKIYA MAI KYAU

Wannan hanyar aikace-aikacen ita ce ta farko da aka yi amfani da ita don shafa kayan shafa foda. Har yanzu ana amfani dashi a yau akan aikace-aikacen da yawa inda bayan fim ɗin da aka warke ya wuce mil 5.0. Abubuwan da aka saba sune samfuran waya, sandunan bas na lantarki, da sauransu.

Hanyar gado mai ruwa da ruwa na aikace-aikacen za a iya yin ta hanyoyi biyu. Hanya ɗaya ita ce . Wannan wani tsari ne da ke buƙatar dumama sashin don foda ya narke ya manne da shi. Ana sanya ɓangaren zafi a cikin gadon foda mai ruwa don rufewa. Adadin foda da ake shafa a bangaren yana nuni ne da yadda bangaren ke da zafi da tsawon lokacin da yake cikin gado. A bayyane yake cewa kula da kauri na fim ba shi da damuwa na farko lokacin amfani da wannan hanyar.

Don samun ƙarin iko na kauri na fim a ɓangaren, tare da tsarin gado na ruwa, an gabatar da ka'idodin electrostatics. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto na 1, ana ɗaukar ɓangaren sama da gado mai ruwa kuma foda yana sha'awar shi. Sashin yanzu baya buƙatar preheating kafin a sanya shi sama da gado. Ana ja hankalin foda zuwa sashin ta hanyar cajin lantarki akan ɓangarorin foda. Ana haɓaka wannan cajin lantarki a cikin filin lantarki ko dai a sama ko a cikin gado mai ruwa.

Kaurin fim ɗin a ɓangaren yanzu ana sarrafa shi ba kawai adadin lokacin da ɓangaren ke cikin gadon ruwa ba, har ma da yawan cajin wutar lantarki akan ƙwayar foda. Har yanzu ana amfani da zafi a wasu lokuta a cikin wannan tsari don shawo kan tsarin sashi wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin kejin Faraday.

Ana amfani da wannan hanyar aikace-aikacen don shafa kayan aikin motar lantarki. Waɗannan suna buƙatar babban murfin ƙarfin dielectric tare da sarrafa kauri na fim don ƙyale waya ta yi rauni sosai.

Ginin gado mai ruwa ya bambanta da kowane masana'anta; duk da haka, ana amfani da abubuwan asali iri ɗaya a cikin kowane ƙira. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin sune hopper ko tanki, plenum ko ɗakin iska, da farantin ruwa. Ana amfani da abubuwa daban-daban don kowane ɗayan waɗannan abubuwan da suka dogara da ƙira, ƙira, da amfani na ƙarshe. Misali, farantin ruwa na iya zama da polyethylene mara kyau, allon sauti, takarda na fasaha, ko kowane abu mara ƙarfi ko haɗin kayan. Ana iya yin tanki daga kowane abu wanda zai iya tallafawa nauyin foda.

FASHI APPLICATION

Hanyar yin shafa foda tare da kayan fesa electrostatic ya rushe zuwa nau'i biyu. A cikin lokuta biyu dole ne a yi amfani da electrostatics don jawo hankalin foda zuwa part.Babu wani jan hankali na inji ko mannewa don riƙewa. Foda zuwa sashin kamar yadda ake gani a tsarin feshin ruwa. Don haka, dole ne a caje foda, ko kuma ɓangaren da aka yi zafi (jawowar zafi), don a jawo hankalin ƙasa. Mafi kyawun kwatankwacin bayanin wannan shine idan kun shafa balloon akan gashin ku, zai manne a bango saboda cajin lantarki. Balloon guda ɗaya ba zai tsaya a bango ba tare da cajin lantarki ba. Ya kamata a yi wannan gwajin a rana bushe (ba ɗanɗano ba). Nau'i biyu na electrostatic fesa foda shafi aikace-aikace kayan aiki ne:

1. bindigogin feshi na korona.
2. Tribo ya caje bindigogin feshi

Ƙuntataccen amperage, hawan keke na yanzu ko aikace-aikacen ɗan lokaci na yanzu yana tsawaita lokacin shafa da ake buƙata, tunda shine ampere-second (coulombs) da ake amfani da shi wanda ke samar da electrodeposit.

Amfanin da ake amfani da shi na yanzu yana daga kusan coulombs 15 a kowace gram na rigar da aka gama har zuwa 150 coul/g. Bayan hawan amperage na farko, babban juriyar wutar lantarki na fim ɗin da aka adana sabo yana rage yawan kwararar yanzu, yana haifar da tanda.rall buƙatun amp biyu zuwa huɗu a kowace ƙafar murabba'in minti ɗaya zuwa uku, ko tsakanin sa'o'in kilowatt ɗaya da uku a kowace ƙafar murabba'in 100. Lokacin rufewa yawanci daga minti ɗaya zuwa uku. Don wasu ayyuka na musamman, kamar wayoyi. madaurin karfe, da sauransu, lokutan shafi kamar ƙasa da daƙiƙa shida an ruwaito.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata na ƙarfin lantarki ana ƙididdige su sosai ta yanayin guduro da aka tarwatsa a cikin wanka. Ana gudanar da shigarwa yawanci a tsakanin 200 zuwa 400volts, kodayake wasu an ruwaito ana sarrafa su ƙasa da 50 volts wasu kuma sama da 1000 volts.

Kurkura:

Yankakken rufaffiyar daɗaɗɗen, idan an ɗaga daga wanka, suna ɗaukar ɗigon wanka har ma da ɗigon fenti. Babban taro na fenti yana wanzuwa a kusa da wani yanki na aikin da ake rufewa. An kiyasta cewa jikin mota na iya ɗaukar (jawo) kimanin galan 1 na wanka. A 10wt% marasa canzawa wannan shine kusan 1 lb. daskararru. Idan aka yi la'akari da ƙaura na daskararrun zuwa saman da ake lulluɓe, ana sa ran adadin daskararrun har zuwa 35% a kusa da su. Don haka, a bayyane yake cewa dawo da wankan fenti da aka ɗaga ya zama dole, kuma an sami hanya mai riba a cikin hanyar "kurkure ultrafiltrate."

Ultrafiltration yana amfani da membranes wanda ke ba da izinin wucewar ruwa da abubuwa masu narkar da gaske, irin su kaushi, solubilizers, salts (ƙazanta!) Galan ɗari ko fiye na wanka yana wucewa a gefe ɗaya na membrane a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, yayin da galan ɗaya na ruwa mai tsabta yana wucewa ta cikin membrane. Ruwan, wanda ake kira permeate ko ultrafiltrate, ana tattarawa kuma ana amfani dashi azaman ruwan kurkura (Fig. 7). Tsarin wanke-wanke mai matakai uku yana dawo da kusan kashi 85% na daskararrun fenti waɗanda aka ɗaga daga wanka.

Yawancin ultrafiltrate wani lokaci ana watsar da su, wanda zai iya buƙatar yin jigilar kaya zuwa wuraren juji. Ana iya rage ƙarar waɗannan sharar gida ta hanyar juzu'in osmosis.

Gasa ko Magani:

Tsarin guduro ne ke ba da buƙatun lokaci/ yanayin zafi don warkewa kuma suna kama da waɗanda ake buƙata don tsoma ko fenti na al'ada - yawanci mintuna 5-25 a zafin iska na 250'F zuwa 400°F. Kayan lantarki masu busar da iska suna kan kasuwa.

m

Tankuna masu rufi.

Ana amfani da tanki iri biyu:

1. Ana amfani da bangon tanki azaman counter-electrode.
2. Katangar tanki tana lullube da rigar kariya ta lantarki, yayin da ake shigar da na'urorin lantarki a cikin tanki sannan a sanya su gwargwadon girman ko siffar yanki na aikin. Na'urorin lantarki suna cikin wasu na'urorin da aka kewaye da sassan, wanda gefen daya ke samuwa da membrane. The counter ions “X” ko”Y”(Table 1) suna taruwa a cikin sassan lantarki ta hanyar tsarin da ake kira electrodialysis, kuma ana jefar da su ko sake amfani da su.

Tashin hankali:
Ana amfani da famfo, daftarin bututu, shingen layi da tsarin ejector-nozzle masu iya motsawa ko jujjuya duk girman wanka a cikin mintuna 6 zuwa 30 don hana fenti daga zama a cikin tanki.

Tashin hankali:
A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana amfani da matatun girman pore 5 zuwa 75 micron don wuce duk girman fenti ta cikin tacewa cikin mintuna 30 zuwa 120. Ana ƙera kayan abinci na acidic kuma ana jigilar su a ɗigon fenti wanda ya bambanta daga 40% zuwa 99+%. A wasu na'urori, ana sanya abinci a cikin tanki a cikin nau'i biyu ko fiye, sashi ɗaya shine guduro, ɗayan kuma shine slurry pigment, da dai sauransu.

Hanyar Cire Solubilizer:

Don kiyaye wanka a yanayin aiki, ana aiwatar da cire kayan solubilizer da ya rage ta hanyar electrodialysis, musayar ion, ko hanyoyin dialysis.

Kayan Aiki:

A zahiri duk makamashin lantarki da ake amfani da shi ana juyar da shi zuwa zafi. Dole ne kayan aikin sanyaya su isa don kula da zafin wanka da ake so, yawanci tsakanin 70°F da 90F, kamar yadda masu samar da fenti suka ayyana.

Gasa Ko Magani:

Ana amfani da nau'in tanda na al'ada. Gudun iskar da ke cikin tanda ya yi ƙanƙanta kwata-kwata, saboda ƙanƙanta na sauye-sauyen yanayi a cikin rigar fenti.

Madogarar wutar lantarki:

Masu gyara waɗanda ke isar da halin yanzu kai tsaye na ƙasa da 10% ripple factor yawanci ana keɓance su. Ana amfani da na'urorin sarrafa wutar lantarki iri-iri, kamar su na'urar kunna famfo, masu sarrafa induction, madaidaitan ma'aunin ma'aunin wutar lantarki, da sauransu. Yawan wutar lantarki a cikin kewayon 50 zuwa 500V yawanci ana ba da su. Ana ƙididdige abin da ake buƙata na yanzu daga nauyin suturar da za a yi amfani da shi a cikin lokacin da ake samuwa.