Luv Taw Qhia ntawm Polyethylene Resin
Luv Taw Qhia ntawm Polyethylene Resin
Polyethylene (PE) yog a thermoplastic resin tau los ntawm polymerizing ethylene. Hauv kev lag luam, copolymers ntawm ethylene nrog me me ntawm alpha-olefins kuj suav nrog. Polyethylene resin tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, zoo li siv quav ciab, muaj qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam (tsawg kawg ua haujlwm kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag -100 ~ -70 ° C), tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus cov kua qaub thiab alkali feem ntau (tsis tiv taus oxidation. ntuj acid). Nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv ntau cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev kub, nrog tsawg dej nqus thiab zoo heev hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev.
Polyethylene tau tsim los ntawm British ICI Company hauv xyoo 1922, thiab xyoo 1933, British Bonemen Chemical Industry Company pom tias ethylene tuaj yeem ua polymerized los ua polyethylene nyob rau hauv siab. Txoj kev no tau raug tsim kho hauv xyoo 1939 thiab feem ntau hu ua txoj kev kub siab. Xyoo 1953, K. Ziegler ntawm Federal Cov koom pheej ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees pom tias nrog TiCl4-Al (C2H5) 3 raws li ib tug catalyst, ethylene kuj yuav polymerized nyob rau hauv qis qis. Txoj kev no tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim khoom hauv xyoo 1955 los ntawm Hearst Company ntawm Federal Cov koom pheej ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab feem ntau hu ua low pressure polyethylene. Thaum ntxov xyoo 1950, Philips Petroleum Company ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau tshawb pom tias siv chromium oxide-silica alumina ua ib qho catalyst, ethylene tuaj yeem ua polymerized los ua polyethylene high-density polyethylene nyob rau hauv nruab nrab siab, thiab kev lag luam tsim tau pom nyob rau hauv 1957. Nyob rau hauv 1960s. , Lub Tuam Txhab Canadian DuPont tau pib ua cov polyethylene low-density nrog ethylene thiab α-olefin los ntawm txoj kev daws teeb meem. Xyoo 1977, Union Carbide Company thiab Dow Chemical Company ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau ua tiav siv txoj kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg los ua cov polyethylene low-density polyethylene, hu ua linear low-density polyethylene, uas cov roj-theem txoj kev ntawm Union Carbide Company yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm Linar Tsawg Polyethylene zoo ib yam li ntawd ntawm tsawg polyethylene, thiab nws muaj qee yam yam ntxwv ntawm kev kub siab polyethylene. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv hluav taws xob hauv kev tsim khoom yog tsawg, yog li nws tau tsim kho sai heev thiab tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm qhov muag pom tshiab hluavtaws resins.
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tsis tshua muaj siab nyob hauv cov catalyst. TiCl4-Al (C2H5) 3 system tsim los ntawm Ziegler hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees yog thawj tiam catalyst rau polyolefins. Xyoo 1963, Lub Tuam Txhab Belgian Solvay pioneered lub thib ob-tiam catalyst nrog magnesium compound ua tus cab kuj, thiab cov catalytic efficiency mus txog kaum txhiab mus rau pua pua txhiab grams ntawm polyethylene ib gram ntawm titanium. Kev siv cov txheej txheem thib ob kuj tseem tuaj yeem txuag cov txheej txheem tom qab kho kom tshem tawm cov catalyst residues. Tom qab ntawd, high-efficiency catalysts rau cov roj theem txheej txheem tau tsim. Xyoo 1975, Italian Monte Edison Group Corporation tau tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim cov polyethylene ncaj qha yam tsis muaj granulation. Nws yog hu ua thib peb-tiam catalyst, uas yog lwm lub kiv puag ncig nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov high-density polyethylene.
Polyethylene resin yog rhiab heev rau ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab (tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev ua haujlwm) thiab tsis tshua muaj resistant rau thermal aging tshaj polymers nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov qauv tshuaj thiab ua. Polyethylene tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem thermoplastic molding. Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv, feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab, ntim khoom, ntim, kav, monofilaments, xov hlau thiab cables, khoom siv txhua hnub, thiab lwm yam, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau zaus rau TVs, radars, thiab lwm yam.
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam petrochemical, polyethylene ntau lawm tau tsim sai heev, thiab cov zis tso nyiaj rau li 1/4 ntawm tag nrho cov khoom yas. Xyoo 1983, lub ntiaj teb tag nrho cov khoom siv polyethylene muaj peev xwm yog 24.65 Mt, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov chav nyob hauv kev tsim kho yog 3.16 Mt. Raws li qhov tseeb txheeb cais xyoo 2011, lub ntiaj teb no muaj peev xwm ntau lawm mus txog 96 Mt. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm polyethylene ntau lawm qhia tau hais tias ntau lawm. thiab kev noj haus tau maj mam hloov mus rau Asia, thiab Tuam Tshoj tau dhau los ua cov neeg siv khoom lag luam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.