Mmalite nkenke nke polyethylene resin

Mmalite nkenke nke polyethylene resin

Polyethylene (PE) bụ a ihe na-ekpo ọkụ resin enwetara site na polymerizing ethylene. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ, a na-etinyekwa copolymer nke ethylene nwere obere alfa-olefin. Polyethylene resin enweghị isi, anaghị egbu egbu, ọ na-adị ka wax, nwere ezigbo nguzogide okpomọkụ dị ala (opekempe na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike iru -100 ~ -70 Celsius C), nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ dị mma, ma nwee ike iguzogide oke acid na alkali (anaghị eguzogide oxidation). Natural acid). Ọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na ihe mgbaze nkịtị na ụlọ okpomọkụ, na-enwe obere mmịnye mmiri na mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik mara mma.

Ụlọ ọrụ British ICI rụpụtara polyethylene na 1922, na 1933, ụlọ ọrụ British Bonemen Chemical Industry chọpụtara na ethylene nwere ike ime ka ọ bụrụ polyethylene n'okpuru nrụgide dị elu. Emepụtara usoro a na 1939 ma bụrụkwa nke a na-akpọkarị usoro nrụgide dị elu. Na 1953, K. Ziegler nke Federal Republic of Germany chọpụtara na na TiCl4-Al(C2H5) 3 dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali, ethylene nwekwara ike ịbụ polymerized n'okpuru ala nrụgide. E tinyere usoro a n'ime mmepụta mmepụta ihe na 1955 site na ụlọ ọrụ Hearst nke Federal Republic of Germany, ma a na-akpọkarị polyethylene obere nrụgide. Ná mmalite 1950s, Philips Petroleum Company nke United States chọpụtara na iji chromium oxide-silica alumina dị ka ihe na-eme ka ethylene mee ka ọ bụrụ polyethylene dị elu n'okpuru nrụgide dị elu, na mmepụta mmepụta ihe na 1957. N'afọ 1960. , Ụlọ ọrụ DuPont Canada malitere ịmepụta polyethylene dị ala na ethylene na α-olefin site na usoro ngwọta. N'afọ 1977, Union Carbide Company na Dow Chemical Company nke United States ji usoro nrụgide dị ala mee ihe na-eme ka polyethylene dị ala, nke a na-akpọ linear low density polyethylene, nke usoro gas-phase nke Union Carbide Company bụ ihe kacha mkpa. Ịrụ ọrụ nke polyethylene dị ala dị ala yiri nke obere njupụta polyethylene, ọ nwekwara ụfọdụ njirimara nke nnukwu njupụta polyethylene. Na mgbakwunye, oriri ike na mmepụta dị ala, ya mere ọ na-etolite ngwa ngwa ma ghọọ otu n'ime resins sịntetik ọhụrụ na-adọrọ adọrọ.

Teknụzụ bụ isi nke usoro nrụgide dị ala dị na ihe na-akpata. Sistemu TiCl4-Al(C2H5)3 nke Ziegler chepụtara na Jamanị bụ ihe na-akwalite ọgbọ mbụ maka polyolefins. Na 1963, ụlọ ọrụ Belgian Solvay sụrụ ụzọ nke ọgbọ nke abụọ na magnesium compound dị ka onye na-ebu, na arụmọrụ catalytic ruru iri puku kwuru iri puku na narị puku gram polyethylene kwa gram titanium. Ojiji nke ọgbọ nke abụọ nwekwara ike ịchekwa usoro ọgwụgwọ mgbe emechara maka iwepụ ihe fọdụrụnụ. Mgbe e mesịrị, e mepụtara ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe dị elu maka usoro gas gas. Na 1975, Italian Monte Edison Group Corporation mepụtara ihe na-akpali akpali nke nwere ike ịmepụta polyethylene dị okirikiri na-enweghị granulation. A na-akpọ ya ihe na-eme ka ọgbọ nke atọ, nke bụ mgbanwe ọzọ na mmepụta nke polyethylene dị elu.

Polyethylene resin na-enwe mmetụta nke ukwuu maka nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi (chemical na mechanical action) na ọ dịghị eguzogide ịka nká karịa polymers n'ihe gbasara nhazi na nhazi kemịkalụ. Enwere ike ịhazi polyethylene site na ụzọ ịkpụzi thermoplastic. Ọ nwere ọtụtụ ihe eji eme ihe, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe nkiri, ihe nkwakọba ihe, arịa, ọkpọkọ, monofilaments, wires na cables, ihe ndị dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị, wdg, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe dị ka ihe mkpuchi dị elu maka TV, radars, wdg.

Site na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ petrochemical, mmepụta polyethylene etolitela ngwa ngwa, na mmepụta ihe na-akpata ihe dịka 1/4 nke mkpokọta plastik. Na 1983, ọnụ ọgụgụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke polyethylene mmepụta ike bụ 24.65 Mt, na ikike nke unit ndị a na-ewu bụ 3.16 Mt. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ọhụrụ na 2011 si kwuo, ikike mmepụta ụwa ruru 96 Mt. Usoro mmepe nke mmepụta polyethylene na-egosi na mmepụta ihe. na oriri na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-atụgharị gaa Asia, na China na-aghọwanye ahịa ahịa ahịa kachasị mkpa.